Aneurysm
Generally, they are bubbles that form in the arteries and aorta in the body. It is very common in the body, especially in the brain, and this formation occurs due to thinning of the cerebral artery wall. Bleeding occurs as a result of the bursting of the bubble in 1 in 10 people with a brain aneurysm. Generally, the complaints are severe headache, double vision and drooping eyelids. Diagnosis is made by MRI and CT. The exact cause of these aneurysms is unknown, but smoking, high blood pressure, and genetic factors are thought to play a role.
These aneurysms are very serious and are high-risk bubbles that affect vital functions. As soon as the diagnosis is made, it must be removed in surgery immediately. There are 3 types of treatment methods according to the way the aneurysm bursts or intervenes before it bursts.
1- Surgical clipping
2- Endovascular coiling
3- Surgery that changes the direction of the flow (mesh insertion)
AVM (Arteriovenous Melformation)
An abnormal sphere of blood vessels in the brain or spinal cord. Most of the research done is thought to be congenital or present from birth. AVMs generally do not cause symptoms. They are usually found by chance. Normal blood vessels carry oxygen and other nutrients throughout the body, while AVM vessels carry blood without nutrients. As for the treatment option, leaving it untreated and observing the patient may often be the best option. This should be followed especially at ages.
The other 3 options are surgical removal, endovascular treatment, and stereotaxic radiosurgery. If the AVM can be completely removed in surgery, the patient may recover completely, but with complications. Endovascular treatment is done using a catheter and X-rays are used. Endovascular therapy does not always cure the AVM completely.
Stereotaxic radiosurgery focuses the radiation beams on the AVM at different angles. Over time, radiation causes narrowing of the AVM blood vessels, eliminating the risk of bleeding and stroke.
Cavernoma
It is abnormal blood vessel clustering. It is the most common vascular cluster after AVM. It usually occurs in the brain and spinal cord. They are not cancerous and do not spread to other parts of the body. They do not establish a connection between the vessel forming the cavernoma and the neighboring cells. Unlike AVMs, there are no congenital connections between the artery and the artery. Unlike AVMs, they are less severe than AVMs and Aneurysms because they do not contain high-pressure arterial blood flow. They do not show any symptoms. Patients often only present with headache complaints. Usually they follow. Depending on the location, number, and size of cavernomas, treatment options fade.
Diagnosis is made by MRI. Depending on the patient's condition, either observation is made, or surgical method or radiosurgical method (CYBER KNIFE or GAMMA KNIFE) is treated.